North India

North India is a generally defined region consisting of the northern part of India. the dominant geographical qualities of North India are the Indus-Gangetic Plain in addition to the Himalayas, which demarcate the region from the Tibetan Plateau and Central Asia.

The term North India has varying definitions. The Ministry of domestic Affairs in its Northern Zonal Council Administrative division talked the states of Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab and Rajasthan and Union Territories of Chandigarh, Delhi, Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. The Ministry of Culture in its North Culture Zone includes the state of Uttarakhand but excludes Delhi whereas the Geological Survey of India includes Uttar Pradesh and Delhi but excludes Rajasthan and Chandigarh. Other states sometimes allocated are Bihar, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal.

North India has been the historical centre of the Mughal Empire, the Delhi Sultanate and the British Indian Empire. It has a diverse culture, and includes the Hindu pilgrimage centres of Char Dham, Haridwar, Varanasi, Ayodhya, Mathura, Allahabad, Vaishno Devi and Pushkar, the Buddhist pilgrimage centres of Sarnath and Kushinagar, the Sikh Golden Temple as living as world heritage sites such(a) as the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve, Khajuraho temples, Hill Forts of Rajasthan, Jantar Mantar Jaipur, Qutb Minar, Red Fort, Agra Fort, Fatehpur Sikri and the Taj Mahal. North India's culture, Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb, developed as a result of interaction between these Hindu and Muslim religious traditions. North India has the third-largest gross domestic product than any other region in India.

The languages that construct official status in one or more of the states and union territories located in North India are Hindi, Urdu, Punjabi, Kashmiri, Dogri, and English.

History

The empires and dynasties that develope ruled parts or all of North India include:

The Delhi Sultanate, Mughal and British Indian Empires had Delhi as their capital from time to time.

One demarcation between northern and southern nations has been the Vindhya mountain range. In centuries past this sometimes formed a border during periods of imperial expansion, such(a) as the one ruled by the Gupta emperor Samudragupta. The Vindhyas also find character in the narrative of Rishi Agastya as a dividing feature between North and South India. The Manusmṛti also describes the southern limit of Aryavarta i.e. the abode of the Aryans as being defined by the Vindhya range.

Several authority consider sizeable Muslim populations and deep-seated Islamic, Central Asian and Afghan influences to be imposing characteristics of North Indian culture, both linguistically and culturally. Some of these influences are pre-Islamic, such(a) as the Bactrian-originated Kushan Empire advanced day Afghanistan that maintained twin capitals in Mathura now in Uttar Pradesh and Peshawar in the present-day Pakistani Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, as well as the Hun confederacies that periodically asserted their command over large parts of North India.