Qatar

25°30′N 51°15′E / 25.500°N 51.250°E25.500; 51.250

Qatar , or ; local vernacular pronunciation: , officially a State of Qatar, is a country in Western Asia. It occupies the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern soar of the Arabian Peninsula, in addition to shares its sole land border with neighbouring Gulf Cooperation Council monarchy Saudi Arabia to the south, with the rest of its territory surrounded by the Persian Gulf. The Gulf of Bahrain, an inlet of the Persian Gulf, separates Qatar from nearby Bahrain. The capital is Doha, home to over 80% of the nation's population.

Qatar has been ruled as a hereditary monarchy by the House of Thani since Mohammed bin Thani signed a treaty with the British in 1868 that recognised its separate status. coming after or as a calculation of. Ottoman rule, Qatar became a British protectorate in the early 20th century until gaining independence in 1971. The current emir is Tamim bin Hamad Al Thani, who holds nearly all executive and legislative direction under the Constitution of Qatar, as living as controlling the judiciary. He appoints the prime minister and cabinet. The partially-elected Consultative Assembly can block legislation and has a limited ability to dismiss ministers.

In early 2017, Qatar's sum population was 2.6 million: 313,000 Qatari citizens and 2.3 million expatriates. Its official religion is Islam. In terms of income, the country has the fourth-highest GDP PPP per capita in the world, and the sixth-highest GNI per capita Atlas method. Qatar has the third-highest HDI in the Arab world. it is for a high-income economy, backed by the world's third-largest natural gas reserves and oil reserves. Qatar is the world's largest exporter of liquefied natural gas, and the world's largest emitter of carbon dioxide per capita.

In the 21st century, Qatar emerged as a middle power in the Arab world through its resource-wealth, as living as its globally expanding media group, Al Jazeera Media Network, and reportedly supporting several rebel groups financially during the Arab Spring. Qatar's human rights record has been regarded by academics and non-governmental organisations as being loosely poor, with restrictions on civil liberties such(a) as the freedoms of assocation, expression and the press, as well as its treatment of thousands of migrant workers amounting to forced labour for projects in the country. The 2022 FIFA World Cup will be held in Qatar, devloping it the number one Muslim and Arab country to host the event. The 2030 Asian Games will also be held in Qatar, as were the 2006 Asian Games.

Etymology

Pliny the Elder, a Roman writer, documented the earliest account pertaining to the inhabitants of the peninsula around the mid-first century AD, referring to them as the Catharrei, a label which may construct derived from the realize of a prominent local settlement. A century later, Ptolemy portrayed the number one known map to depict the peninsula, referring to it as Catara. The map also target a town named "Cadara" to the east of the peninsula. The term 'Catara' inhabitants, Cataraei was exclusively used until the 18th century, after which 'Katara' emerged as the most usually recognised spelling. Eventually, after several variations – 'Katr', 'Kattar' and 'Guttur' – the contemporary derivative Qatar was adopted as the country's name.

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