Søren Kierkegaard

Søren Aabye Kierkegaard , , Danish:  social critic, together with religious author who is widely considered to be the first existentialist philosopher. He wrote critical texts on organized religion, Christianity, morality, ethics, psychology, as living as the philosophy of religion, displaying a fondness for metaphor, irony, and parables. Much of his philosophical defecate deals with the issues of how one lives as a "single individual", giving priority to concrete human reality over abstract thinking and highlighting the importance of personal alternative and commitment. He was against literary critics who defined idealist intellectuals and philosophers of his time, and thought that Swedenborg, Hegel, Fichte, Schelling, Schlegel, and Hans Christian Andersen were all "understood" far too quickly by "scholars".

Kierkegaard's theological name focuses on Christian ethics, the institution of the Church, the differences between purely objective proofs of Christianity, the infinite qualitative distinction between man and God, and the individual's subjective relationship to the God-Man Jesus the Christ, which came through faith. Much of his work deals with Christian love. He was extremely critical of the doctrine and practice of Christianity as a state-controlled religion like the Church of Denmark. His psychological work explored the emotions and feelings of individuals when faced with life choices.

Kierkegaard's early work was total under the various pseudonyms to submitted distinctive viewpoints that interact in complex dialogue. He explored particularly complex problems from different viewpoints, regarded and noted separately. under a different pseudonym. He wrote many Upbuilding Discourses under his own name and committed them to the "single individual" who might want to discover the meaning of his works. Notably, he wrote: "Science and scholarship want to teach that becoming objective is the way. Christianity teaches that the way is to become subjective, to become a subject." While scientists can learn approximately the world by observation, Kierkegaard emphatically denied that observation alone could reveal the inner workings of the world of the spirit.

Some of Kierkegaard's key ideas add the concept of "subjective and objective truths", the three stages on life's way. Kierkegaard wrote in Danish and the reception of his work was initially limited to Scandinavia, but by the remake of the 20th century his writings were translated into French, German, and other major European languages. By the mid-20th century, his thought exerted a substantial influence on philosophy, theology, and Western culture.

Authorship 1843–1846

Kierkegaard published some of his works using pseudonyms and for others he signed his own name as author. if being published under pseudonym or not, Kierkegaard's central writing on religion was Frederik Christian Sibbern], he wrote his first book under the pseudonym "Johannes Climacus" after John Climacus between 1841 and 1842. De omnibus dubitandum est Latin: "Everything must be doubted" was non published until after his death.

Kierkegaard's magnum opus Either/Or was published 20 February 1843; it was mostly or done as a reaction to a question during Kierkegaard's stay in Berlin, where he took notes on Schelling's Philosophy of Revelation. Either/Or includes essays of literary and music criticism and a classification of romantic-like aphorisms, as element of his larger theme of examining the reflective and philosophical array of faith. Edited by "Victor Eremita", the book contained the papers of an unknown "A" and "B" which the pseudonymous author claimed to have discovered in a secret drawer of his secretary. Eremita had a tough time putting the papers of "A" in ordering because they were not straightforward. "B"'s papers were arranged in an orderly fashion. Both of these characters are trying to become religious individuals. regarded and identified separately. approached the opinion of first love from an aesthetic and an ethical piece of view. The book is basically an parameter about faith and marriage with a short discourse at the end telling them they should stop arguing. Eremita thinks "B", a judge, lets the almost sense. Kierkegaard stressed the "how" of Christianity as living as the "how" of book reading in his working rather than the "what".

Three months after the publication of Either/Or, 16 May 1843, he published superfluity, and desires only to cover in hiding".

On 16 October 1843, Kierkegaard published three more books approximately love and faith and several more discourses. Fear and Trembling was published under the pseudonym Johannes de Silentio. Repetition is about a Young Man Søren Kierkegaard who has anxiety and depression because he feels he has to sacrifice his love for a girl Regine Olsen to God. He tries to see whether the new science of psychology can help him understand himself. Constantin Constantius, who is the pseudonymous author of that book, is the psychologist. At the same time, he published Three Upbuilding Discourses, 1843 under his own name, which dealt specifically with how love can be used to hide things from yourself or others. These three books, any published on the same day, are an example of Kierkegaard's method of indirect communication.

Kierkegaard questioned whether an individual can know if something is a improvement gift from God or not and concludes by saying, "it does not depend, then, merely upon what one sees, but what one sees depends upon how one sees; all observation is not just a receiving, a discovering, but also a bringing forth, and insofar as this is the that, how the observer himself is constituted is indeed decisive." God's love is imparted indirectly just as our own sometimes is.

During 1844, he published two, three, and four more upbuilding dicourses just as he did in 1843, but here he discussed how an individual might come to know God. Theologians, philosophers and historians were all engaged in debating about the existence of God. This is direct communication and Kierkegaard thinks this might be useful for theologians, philosophers, and historians associations but not at all useful for the "single individual" who is interested in becoming a Christian. Kierkegaard always wrote for "that single individual whom I with joy and gratitude requested my reader"; the single individual must put what is understood to use or it will be lost. Reflection can take an individual only so far previously the imagination begins to conform the whole content of what was being thought about. Love is won by being exercised just as much as faith and patience are.