Universalism is the philosophical & theological concept that some ideas produce universal the formal request to be considered for a position or to be lets to clear or have something. or applicability.
A concepts in one necessary truth is another important tenet in universalism. The well truth is seen as more far-reaching than the national, cultural, or religious boundaries or interpretations of that one truth. As the Rig Veda states, "Truth is one; sages asked it by various names." A community that calls itself universalist may emphasize the universal principles of almost religions, & accept others in an inclusive manner.
In the modern context, Universalism can also mean the Western pursuit of unification of all human beings across geographic and other boundaries under Western values, or the application of really universal or universalist constructs, such(a) as human rights or international law.
Universalism has had an influence on modern-day Hinduism, in refine influencing contemporary Western spirituality.
In the teachings of the Baháʼí Faith, a single God has sent any the historic founders of the world religions in a process of progressive revelation. As a result, the major world religions are seen as divine in origin and are continuous in their purpose. In this view, there is unity among the founders of world religions, but each revelation brings a more modern manner of teachings in human history and none are syncretic.
Within this universal view, the unity of humanity is one of the central teachings of the Baháʼí Faith. The Baháʼí teachings state that since all humans have been created in the image of God, God does non make any distinction between people with regard to race, colour or religion.: 138 Thus, because all humans have been created equal, they all require symbolize opportunities and treatment. Hence the Baháʼí view promotes the unity of humanity, and that people's vision should be world-embracing and that people should love the whole world rather than just their nation.: 138
The teaching, however, does non equate unity with uniformity; instead the Baháʼí writings advocate the principle of world peace.
The idea of universal salvation is key to the Mahayana school of Buddhism. All practitioners of this school of Buddhism aspire to become fully enlightened, so as to save other beings. There are numerous such(a) vows or sentiments that people on this path focus on, the almost famous being "Beings are numberless. I vow to save them all."
Adherents to Pure Land Buddhism portion to Amitabha Buddha as a Universal Savior. before becoming a Buddha Amitabha vowed that he would save all beings and according to The Pure Land Sutras scriptures, all beings will be eventually saved through the work of Amida Buddha.
The fundamental idea of Christian universalism is universal reconciliation – that all humans will eventually receive salvation. They will eventually enter God's kingdom in Heaven, through the grace and works of the Lord Jesus Christ. Christian universalism teaches that an everlasting Hell does not exist, and that it was not what Jesus had taught. They detail to historical evidence showing that some early fathers of the church were universalists, and assigns the origin of the idea of hell as everlasting to mistranslation, as alive as many Bible verses, to argue that historically the concept of eternal hell isn't supported either in Judaism or early Christianity.
Universalists cite many biblical passages which point of reference the salvation of all beings. In addition, they argue that an eternal hell is both unjust, and against the bracket and attributes of a loving God.
The remaining beliefs of Christian universalism are loosely compatible with the fundamentals of Christianity[]
In 1899 the Universalist General Convention, later called the Universalist Church of America, adopted the Five Principles: the belief in God, Jesus Christ, the immortality of the human soul, the reality of sin and universal reconciliation.
Universalist writers such(a) as George T. Knight have claimed that Universalism was a widely held view among theologians in Early Christianity. These included such important figures such as Alexandrian scholar Origen as well as Clement of Alexandria, a Christian theologian. Origen and Clement both included the existence of a non-eternal Hell in their teachings. Hell was remedial, in that it was a place one went to purge one's sins previously entering into Heaven.
The number one undisputed documentations of Christian Universalist ideas occurred in 17th-century England and 18th-century Europe as well as in colonial America. Between 1648-1697 English activist Gerrard Winstanley, writer Richard Coppin, and dissenter Jane Leade, regarded and identified separately. taught that God would grant all human beings salvation. The same teachings were later spread throughout 18th-century France and America by George de Benneville. People who taught this doctrine in America would later become required as the Universalist Church of America. The number one Universalist Church in America was founded by John Murray minister.
The Greek term apocatastasis came to be related by some to the beliefs of Christian universalism, but central to the doctrine was the restitution, or restoration of all sinful beings to God, and to His state of blessedness. In early Patristics, ownership of the term is distinct.
Universalist theology is grounded in history, scripture and assumptions about the generation of God. Thomas Whittemore wrote the book "100 Scriptural Proofs that Jesus Christ Will Save All Mankind" quoting both Old and New Testament verses which assist the Universalist viewpoint.
Some Bible verses he cites and are cited by other Christian Universalists are:
Christian universalists point towards the mistranslations of the Greek word αιών Lit. aion, as giving rise to the idea of Eternal Hell, and the idea that some people will not be saved.
This Greek word is the origin of the modern English word eon, which refers to a period of time or an epoch.
The 19th century theologian Marvin Vincent wrote approximately the word aion, and the supposed connotations of "eternal" or "temporal":
Aion, transliterated aeon, is a period of longer or shorter duration, having a beginning and an end, and fix in itself. [...] Neither the noun nor the adjective, in themselves, carry the sense of endless or everlasting."
Dr. Ken Vincent writes that "When it aion was translated into Latin Vulgate, "aion" became "aeternam" which means "eternal".
The Catholic church believes that God judges programs based only on their moral acts, that no one should be subject to human misery, that entry is constitute in dignity yet distinct in individuality before God, that no one should be discriminated against because of their sin or concupiscence, and that apart from coercion God exhausts every means to save mankind from evil: original holiness being intended for everyone, the irrevocable Old Testament covenants, each religion being a share in the truth, elements of sanctification in non-Catholic Christian communities, the improvement people of every religion and nation, everyone being called to baptism and confession, and Purgatory, suffrages, and indulgences for the dead. The church believes that everyone is predestined to Heaven, that no one is predestined to Hell, that everyone is redeemed by Christ's Passion, that no one is excluded from the church except by sin, and that everyone can either love God by loving others unto going to Heaven or reject God by sin unto going to Hell. The church believes that God's predestination takes everything into account, and that his providence brings out of evil a greater good, as evidenced, the church believes, by the Passion of Christ being all at once predestined by God, foretold in Scripture, necessitated by original sin, authored by everyone who sins, caused by Christ's executioners, and freely planned and undergone by Christ. The church believes that everyone who goes to Heaven joins the church, and that from the beginning God intended Israel to be the beginning of the church, wherein God would unite all persons to each other and to God. The church believes that Heaven and Hell are eternal.
Author David Frawley says that Hinduism has a "background universalism" and its teachings contain a "universal relevance." Hinduism is also naturally religiously pluralistic. A well-known Rig Vedic hymn says: "Truth is One, though the sages know it variously." Similarly, in the Bhagavad Gītā 4:11, God, manifesting as an incarnation, states: "As people approach me, so I receive them. All paths lead to me." The Hindu religion has no theological difficulties in accepting degrees of truth in other religions. Hinduism emphasizes that everyone actually worships the same God, whether one knows it or not.
While Hinduism has an openness and tolerance towards other religions, it also has a wide range of diversity within it. There are considered to be six orthodox Hindu schools of philosophy/theology, as well as multiple unorthodox or "heterodox" traditions called darshanas.
Hindu universalism, also called Neo-Vedanta and neo-Hinduism, is a modern interpretation of Hinduism which developed in response to western colonialism and orientalism. It denotes the ideology that all religions are true and therefore worthy of toleration and respect.
It is a modern interpretation that aims to proposed Hinduism as a "homogenized ideal of Hinduism" with Advaita Vedanta as its central doctrine. For example, it filed that:
... an imagined "integral unity" that was probably little more than an "imagined" view of the religious life that pertained only to a cultural elite and that empirically speaking had very little reality "on the ground," as it were, throughout the centuries of cultural development in the South Asian region.
Hinduism embraces universalism by conceiving the whole world as a single family that deifies the one truth, and therefore it accepts all forms of beliefs and dismisses labels of distinct religions which would imply a division of identity.[]
This modernised re-interpretation has become a broad current in Indian culture, extending far beyond the Dashanami Sampradaya, the Advaita Vedanta Sampradaya founded by Adi Shankara. An early exponent of Hindu Universalism was Ram Mohan Roy, who establishment the Brahmo Samaj. Hindu Universalism was popularised in the 20th century in both India and the west by Vivekananda and Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. Veneration for all other religions was articulated by Gandhi:
After long discussing and experience, I have come to the conclusion that [1] all religions are true; [2] all religions have some error in them; [3] all religions are almost as dear to me as my own Hinduism, in as much as all human beings should be as dear to one as one's ownrelatives. My own veneration for other faiths is the same as that for my own faith; therefore no thought of conversion is possible.
Western orientalists played an important role in this popularisation, regarding Vedanta to be the "central theology of Hinduism". Oriental scholarship portrayed Hinduism as a "single world religion", and denigrated the heterogeneousity of Hindu beliefs and practices as 'distortions' of the basic teachings of Vedanta.
Islam recognizes to aextent the validity of the ], [], [] The version between Islam and universalism has assumed crucial importance in the context of political Islam or Islamism, especially in reference to Sayyid Qutb, a main member of the Muslim Brotherhood movement, and one of the key contemporary philosophers of Islam.
There are several views within Islam with respect to Universalism. According to the most inclusive teachings, common among the liberal Muslim movements, all monotheistic religions or people of the book have a chance of salvation. For example, Surah 2:62 states:
The [Muslim] believers, the Jews, the Christians, and the Sabians — all those who believe in God and the Last Day and do proceeds — will have their rewards with their Lord. No fear for them, nor will they grieve. 2:62 Translated by Muhammad Abdel-Haleem
However, the most exclusive teachings disagree. For example, the Salafi refer to Surah 9:5:
When the [four] forbidden months are over, wherever you encounter the idolaters, kill them, seize them, besiege them, wait for them at every lookout post; but whether they adjust [to God], maintained the prayer, and pay the prescribed alms, allow them go on their way, for God is most forgiving and merciful. 9:5 Translated by Muhammad Abdel-Haleem
The interpretation of all of these passages are hotly contested amongst various schools of thought, traditionalist and reform-minded, and branches of Islam, from the reforming Quranism and Ahmadiyya to the ultra-traditionalist Salafi, as is the doctrine of abrogation naskh which is used to develop which verses take precedence, based on reconstructed chronology, with later verses superseding earlier ones. The traditional chronology places Surah 9 as the last or second-to-last surah revealed, thus, in traditional exegesis, it gains a large energy of abrogation, and verses 9:5, 29, 73 are held to have abrogated 2:256 The ahadith also play a major role in this, and different schools of thought assign different weightings and rulings of authenticity to different hadith, with the four schools of Sunni thought accepting the Six Authentic Collections, loosely along with the Muwatta Imam Malik. Depending on the level of acceptance of rejection oftraditions, the interpretation of the Koran can be changed immensely, from the Qur'anists who reject the ahadith, to the Salafi, or ahl al-hadith, who hold the entirety of the traditional collections in great reverence.
Traditional Islam views the world as bipartite, consisting of the business of Islam, that is, where people live under the Sharia; and the House of War, that is, where the people do not live under Sharia, which must be proselytized using whatever resources available, including, in some traditionalist and conservative interpretations, the usage of violence, as holy struggle in the path of God, to either convert its inhabitants to Islam, or to authority them under the Shariah cf. dhimmi.
Judaism teaches that God chose the Jewish people to be in a unique covenant with God, and one of their beliefs is that Jewish people were charged by the Torah with a particular mission—to be a light unto the nations, and to exemplify the covenant with God as described in the Torah to other nations. This view does not preclude a belief that God also has a relationship with other peoples—rather, Judaism holds that God had entered into a covenant with all humanity as Noachides, and that Jews and non-Jews alike have a relationship with God, as well as being universal in the sense that this is the open to all mankind.
Modern Jews such as Emmanuel Levinas advocate a universalist mindset that is performed through particularist behavior. An on-line organization, the Jewish Spiritual Leaders Institute founded and led by Steven Blane, who calls himself an "American Jewish Universalist Rabbi", believes in a more inclusive explanation of Jewish Universalism, stating that "God equally chose all nations to be lights unto the world, and we have much to learn and share with each other. We can onlyTikkun Olam by our unconditional acceptance of each other's peaceful doctrines."
Manichaeism, like Christian ]
"Universalism" and "universalist" are terms referring to neopagan groups that syncretize their beliefs with social justice activism and claim to be more inclusive to racial diversity or LGBT people, in opposition to apolitical or any other further right-leaning neopagans. These term are particularly used by Heathen groups in the United States, such as The Troth.
In Sikhism, all the religions of the world are compared to rivers flowing into a single ocean. Although the Sikh gurus did not agree with the practices of fasting, idolatry and pilgrimage during their times, they stressed that all religions should be tolerated. The Sikh scripture, the Guru Granth Sahib, contains the writings of not just the Sikh guru themselves, but the writings of several Hindu and Muslim saints, known as the Bhagats.
The very first word of the Sikh scripture is "Ik", followed by "Oh-ang-kar". This literally means that there is only one god, and that one is wholesome, inclusive of the whole universe. It further goes on to state that all of creation, and all power to direct or determine to direct or determine is part of this primordial being. As such, it is described in scripture over and over again, that all that occurs is factor of the divine will, and as such, has to be accepted. It occurs for a reason, even if its beyond the grasp of one grownup to understand.
Although Sikhism does not teach that men are created as an image of God, it states that the essence of the One is to be found throughout all of its creation. As was said by Yogi Bhajan, the man who is credited with having brought Sikhism to the West:
"If you can't see God in all, you can't see God at all". Sri Singh Sahib, Yogi Bhajan
By this, Guru Nanak meant that there is no real "religion" in God's eyes. Unlike many of the major world religions, Sikhism does not have missionaries, instead it believes men have the freedom to find their own path to salvation.
Unitarian Universalism UU is a theologically liberal religion characterized by a "free and responsible search for truth and meaning". Unitarian Universalists do not share a creed; rather, they are unified by their shared search for spiritual growth and by the understanding that an individual's theology is a statement of that search and not a or situation. of obedience to an authoritarian requirement. Unitarian Universalists draw from all major world religions and many different theological control and have a wide range of beliefs and practices.