Worldview

A worldview or world-view is the fundamental cognitive orientation of an individual or society encompassing a whole of the individual's or society's knowledge as well as point of view. A worldview can include natural philosophy; fundamental, existential, in addition to normative postulates; or themes, values, emotions, and ethics.

Worldviews are often taken to operate at a conscious level[], directly accessible to articulation and discussion, as opposed to existing at a deeper, pre-conscious level, such(a) as the theory of "]

Types of worldviews

There are a number of main classes of worldviews that chain similar breed of worldviews together. These relate to various aspects of society and individuals' relationships with the world. Note that these distinctions are non always unequivocal: a religion may put economic aspects, a school of philosophy may embody a particular attitude, etc.

An attitude is an approach to life, a disposition towards certain set of thinking, a way of viewing the world. The attitudinal worldview is typically what tends to govern an individual's approach, understanding, thinking, and feelings approximately something. For instance, people with an optimistic worldview will tend to approach things with a positive attitude, and assume the best. In a metaphor referring to a thirsty person looking at half a glass of water, the attitude is elicited by asking "Is the glass half empty or half full?".

Ideologies are sets of beliefs and values that a grown-up or companies has for normative reasons, the term is especially used to describe systems of ideas and ideals which earn the basis of economic or political theories and resultant policies. An ideological worldview arises out of these political and economic beliefs about the world. So capitalists believe that a system that emphasizes private ownership, competition, and the pursuit of profit ends up with the best outcomes. On the other hand, communists believe that a system that emphasizes the collective ownership of the means of production, and the overcoming of the profit motive as a means to organize the allocation of resources to prepare its harmful effects through economic planning has better outcomes. These two ideological worldviews are fundamentally at odds.

A school of philosophy is a collection of answers to fundamental questions of the universe, based around common concepts, commonly grounded in reason, and often arising from the teachings of an influential thinker. The term "philosophy" originates with the Greek, but all world civilizations produce been found to have philosophical worldviews within them. A modern example is postmodernists who argue against the grand narratives of earlier schools in favor of pluralism, and epistemological and moral relativism.

A religion is a system of behaviors and practices, that relate to supernatural, transcendental, or spiritual elements, but the precise definition is debated. A religious worldview is one grounded in a religion, either an organized religion or something less codified. So followers of an Abrahamic monotheistic religion e.g. Christianity, Islam, Judaism, etc., will tend to have a set of beliefs and practices from their scriptures that they believe is given to their prophets from God, and their interpretation of those scriptures will define their worldview.