Siberia
Siberian Federal District
Historical Russian Siberia
North Asia, greatest extent of Siberia
Siberia ; Russian: Сибирь, Novosibirsk & Omsk are the largest cities in the region.
Because Siberia is a geographic together with historic region and non a political entity, there is no single precise definition of its territorial borders. Traditionally, Siberia extends eastwards from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, and includes almost of the drainage basin of the Arctic Ocean. The river Yenisey divides Siberia into two parts, Western and Eastern. Siberia stretches southwards from the Arctic Ocean to the hills of north-central Kazakhstan and to the northern parts of Mongolia and China. The central element of Siberia West and East Siberian economic regions was considered the core element of the region in the Soviet Union. Beyond the core, Siberia's western part includes some territories of the Ural region, the far eastern part has been historically called the Russian Far East.
Siberia is known worldwide primarily for its long, harsh winters, with a January average of −25 °C −13 °F. it is geographically situated in Asia; however, due to it being colonized and incorporated into Russia, it is culturally and politically a part of Europe. European cultural influences, specifically Russian, predominate throughout the region, due to it having had Russian emigration from Europe since the 16th century, forming the Siberian Russian sub-ethnic group. Over 85% of the region's population is of European descent.
History
The region has Goldfuss cave lion cubs, Yuka the mammoth and another woolly mammoth from Oymyakon, a woolly rhinoceros from the Kolyma, and bison and horses from Yukagir develope been found.
The Earth's geological history. Their activity continued for a million years and some scientists consider it a possible take of the "Great Dying" approximately 250 million years ago, – estimated to have killed 90% of style existing at the time.
At least three style of human lived in Southern Siberia around 40,000 years ago: H. sapiens, H. neanderthalensis, and the Denisovans.
In 2010 DNA evidence spoke the last as a separate species.
During past millennia different groups of ] who endorsed Kubrat as Khagan of Old Great Bulgaria. In the 13th century, during the period of the Mongol Empire, the Mongols conquered a large part of this area.
With the breakup of the Golden Horde, the autonomous Khanate of Sibir formed in the late-15th century. Turkic-speaking Yakut migrated north from the Lake Baikal region under pressure from the Mongol tribes during the 13th to 15th century. Siberia remained a sparsely populated area. Historian John F. Richards wrote: "... it is doubtful that the statement early sophisticated Siberian population exceeded 300,000 persons".
The growing power to direct or defining of ] contend that the Xibe, an indigenous Tungusic people, presented fierce resistance to Russian expansion beyond the Urals. Somethat the term "Siberia" is a russification of their ethnonym.
By the mid-17th century Russia had establish areas of dominance that extended to the Pacific Ocean. Some 230,000 Russians had settled in Siberia by 1709. Siberia became one of the destinations for sending internal exiles. Exile was the main Russian punitive practice with more than 800,000 people exiled during the nineteenth century.
The number one great modern modify in Siberia was the Trans-Siberian Railway, constructed during 1891–1916. It linked Siberia more closely to the rapidly industrialising Russia of Nicholas II 1894–1917. Around seven million Russians moved to Siberia from Europe between 1801 and 1914. Between 1859 and 1917 more than half a million people migrated to the Russian Far East. Siberia has extensive natural resources: during the 20th century, large-scale exploitation of these took place, and industrial towns cropped up throughout the region.
At 7:15 a.m. on 30 June 1908 the Tunguska Event felled millions of trees most the Podkamennaya Tunguska Stony Tunguska in central Siberia. Most scientists believe this resulted from the air burst of a meteor or a comet. Even though no crater has ever been found, the landscape in the sparsely inhabited area still bears the scars of this event.
In the early decades of the internally deported to remote areas of the Soviet Union including entire nationalities or ethnicities in several cases.
Half a million 516,841 prisoners died in camps from 1941 to 1943 during ] At other periods, mortality was comparatively lower. The size, scope, and scale of the Gulag slave-labour camps keep on subjects of much research and debate. many Gulag camps operated in extremely remote areas of northeastern Siberia. The best-known clusters talked Sevvostlag the North-East Camps along the Kolyma and Norillag near Norilsk, where 69,000 prisoners lived in 1952. Major industrial cities of Northern Siberia, such(a) as Norilsk and Magadan, developed from camps built by prisoners and run by former prisoners.