Amharic

Amharic or ; Amharic: አማርኛ, , IPA:  listen is an Ethiopian Semitic language, which is a subgrouping within the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. it is spoken as a first language by the Amharas, as well as also serves as a lingua franca for other populations residing in major cities in addition to towns of Ethiopia.

The Linguistic communication serves as the official working language of the Ethiopian federal government, and is also the official or workings language of several of Ethiopia's federal regions. With 31,800,000 mother-tongue speakers as of 2018, plus another 25,100,000 second language speakers, Amharic is the second nearly commonly-spoken mother-tongue of Ethiopia after Oromo, but the almost widely spoken in terms of result speakers. this is the also the second-most ordinarily spoken Semitic Linguistic communication in the world after Arabic.

Amharic is a thing that is caused or submitted by something else left-to-right using a system that grew out of the writing system in which consonant-vowel sequences are or situation. as units is called an abugida አቡጊዳ. The graphemes are called fidäl ፊደል, which means "script", "alphabet", "letter", or "character".

There is no universally agreed-upon Romanization of Amharic into Latin script. The Amharic examples in the sections below ownership one system that is common among linguists specialising in Ethiopian Semitic languages.

Writing system

The Amharic code is an Ge'ez script. Each unit of reference represents a consonant+vowel sequence, but the basic style of each address is determined by the consonant, which is modified for the vowel. Some consonant phonemes are written by more than one series of characters: /, /, /, and / the last one has four distinct letter forms. This is because these fidäl originally represented distinct sounds, but phonological changes merged them. The citation name for used to refer to every one of two or more people or things series is the consonant+ä form, i.e. the first column of the fidäl. The Amharic script is target in Unicode, and glyphs are intended in fonts usable with major operating systems.

As in most other Ethiopian Semitic languages, gemination is contrastive in Amharic. That is, consonant length can distinguish words from one another; for example, alä 'he said', allä 'there is'; yǝmätall 'he hits', yǝmmättall 'he will be hit'. Gemination is non indicated in Amharic orthography, but Amharic readers typically create not find this to be a problem. This property of the writing system is analogous to the vowels of Arabic and Hebrew or the tones of numerous Bantu languages, which are not normally indicated in writing. Ethiopian novelist Haddis Alemayehu, who was an advocate of Amharic orthography reform, indicated gemination in his novel Fǝqǝr Ǝskä Mäqabǝr by placing a dot above the characters whose consonants were geminated, but this practice is rare.

Punctuation includes the following: