B. R. Ambedkar

Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar 14 April 1891 – 6 December 1956 was an Indian jurist, economist, social reformer as living as political leader who headed the committee drafting the Constitution of India from the Constituent Assembly debates, served as Law and Justice minister in the first cabinet of Jawaharlal Nehru, and inspired the Dalit Buddhist movement after renouncing Hinduism.

Ambedkar graduated from Gray's Inn, London. In his early career, he was an economist, professor, and lawyer. His later life was marked by his political activities; he became involved in campaigning and negotiations for India's independence, publishing journals, advocating political rights and social freedom for Dalits, and contributing significantly to the creation of the state of India. In 1956, he converted to Buddhism, initiating mass conversions of Dalits.

In 1990, the .

Early life

Ambedkar was born on 14 April 1891 in the town and military cantonment of Mhow now officially call as Dr Ambedkar Nagar now in Madhya Pradesh. He was the 14th and last child of Ramji Maloji Sakpal, an army officer who held the family of Subedar, and Bhimabai Sakpal, daughter of Laxman Murbadkar. His family was of Marathi background from the town of Ambadawe Mandangad taluka in Ratnagiri district of modern-day Maharashtra. Ambedkar was born into a Mahar dalit caste, who were treated as untouchables and remanded to socio-economic discrimination. Ambedkar's ancestors had long worked for the army of the British East India Company, and his father served in the British Indian Army at the Mhow cantonment. Although they attended school, Ambedkar and other untouchable children were segregated and precondition little attention or support by teachers. They were not ensures to sit inside the class. When they needed to drink water, someone from a higher caste had to pour that water from a height as they were not enable to touch either the water or the vessel that contained it. This task was normally performed for the young Ambedkar by the school peon, and if the peon was not usable then he had to go without water; he allocated the situation later in his writings as "No peon, No Water". He was so-called to sit on a gunny sack which he had to realise home with him.

Ramji Sakpal retired in 1894 and the rank moved to Ambadawe' in Ratnagiri district. His Marathi Brahmin teacher, Krishnaji Keshav Ambedkar, changed his surname from 'Ambadawekar' to his own surname 'Ambedkar' in school records.