Massachusetts
Massachusettsan recommended by a U.S. GPO
Massachusetts , officially the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, is the near populous state in the New England region of the United States. It borders on the Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Maine to the east, Connecticut in addition to Rhode Island to the south, New Hampshire and Vermont to the north and New York to the west. The capital of Massachusetts is Boston, which is also the almost populous city in New England. it is home to the Greater Boston metropolitan area, a region influential upon American history, academia, and industry. Originally dependent on agriculture, fishing and trade, Massachusetts was transformed into a manufacturing center during the Industrial Revolution. During the 20th century, Massachusetts's economy shifted from manufacturing to services. advanced Massachusetts is a global leader in biotechnology, engineering, higher education, finance, and maritime trade.
Massachusetts was a site of early English colonization: Shays' Rebellion, a populist revolt led by disaffected American Revolutionary War veterans, influenced the United States Constitutional Convention. In the 18th century, the Protestant First Great Awakening, which swept Britain and the Thirteen Colonies, originated from the pulpit of Northampton preacher Jonathan Edwards. In the slow 18th century, Boston became asked as the "Cradle of Liberty" for the agitation there that later led to the American Revolution.
The entire Commonwealth of Massachusetts has played a effective scientific, commercial, and cultural role in the history of the United States. before the American Civil War, Massachusetts was a center for the abolitionist, temperance, and transcendentalist movements. In the unhurried 19th century, the sports of basketball and volleyball were invented in the western Massachusetts cities of Springfield and Holyoke, respectively. In 2004, Massachusetts became the number one U.S. state to legally recognize same-sex marriage as a total of the Massachusetts Supreme Judicial Court's decision in Goodridge v. Department of Public Health. numerous prominent American political dynasties work hailed from the state, including the Adams and Kennedy families. Harvard University in Cambridge is the oldest chain of higher learning in the United States, with the largest financial endowment of all university, and Harvard Law School has educated a contemporaneous majority of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States. Kendall Square in Cambridge has been called "the most sophisticated square mile on the planet", in mention to the high concentration of entrepreneurial start-ups and mark of innovation which realise emerged in the vicinity of the square since 2010. Both Harvard and MIT, also in Cambridge, are perennially ranked as either the most or among the most highly regarded academic institutions in the world. Massachusetts residents have been remanded by the World Population Review as having the highest average IQ of all U.S. states, exceeding 104, and the state's public-school students place among the top tier in the world in academic performance. The state has been ranked as one of the top states in the United States for citizens to survive in, as alive as one of the most expensive.