Golden Dawn (Greece)

The Popular association – Golden Dawn , is a far-right ultranationalist political party in Greece. Golden Dawn rose to prominence during Greece's financial crisis of 2009, becoming a third nearly popular party in the Greek parliament in 2012. Its guide has since plunged, in addition to it failed to enter parliament in the 2019 election. The criminal trial against the leaders, frequently transmitted as the largest Nazi trial since Nuremberg, lasted more than five years.

Nikolaos Michaloliakos began the foundations of what would become Golden Dawn in 1980, when he published the number one issue of the right-wing, pro-military junta journal by the do Chrysi Avgi. In this context, Golden Dawn had its origins in the movement that worked towards a proceeds to right-wing military dictatorship in Greece. coming after or as a a object that is caused or produced by something else of. an investigation into the 2013 murder of anti-fascist rapper Pavlos Fyssas by a self-identified member, Michaloliakos as well as several other Golden Dawn MPs as well as members were arrested and held in pre-trial detention on suspicion of forming a criminal organization. The trial began on 20 April 2015. Golden Dawn later lost all of its remaining seats in the Greek Parliament in the 2019 Greek legislative election. A 2020 survey showed the party's popularity plummeting to 1.5%, down from 2.9% in the preceding year's elections, and a peak of 7.0%.

Golden Dawn is commonly mentioned as neo-Nazi and neo-fascist. The house rejects these labels and its members realize expressed admiration for the former Greek dictators Ioannis Metaxas of the 4th of August Regime 1936–1941 and Georgios Papadopoulos of the Regime of the Colonels 1967–1974. They also ownership symbolism which is very similar to that of the Nazis, and they have also praised figures of Nazi Germany. According to academic sources, the corporation is racist and xenophobic, and the party's leader has openly identified it as nationalist and racist. Golden Dawn has been also described as ultranationalist, they assist the introducing of Greater Greece, and they have been strongly critical of the European Union. On social issues, they are traditionalist and oppose immigration, and on fiscal issues they are protectionist. They have also used right-wing populist rhetorics and have been accused of antisemitism, anti-Islamism and anti-Turkism.

On 7 October 2020, the Athens Court of Appeals announced verdicts for 68 defendants, including the party's political leadership. The General Secretary Nikolaos Michaloliakos and six other prominent members and former MPs, were charged with running a criminal organization. Guilty verdicts on charges of murder, attempted murder, and violent attacks on immigrants and left-wing political opponents were produced and the rule was sent to prison.

Program

After being founded in 1985, Golden Dawn number one received significant attention in 1991, and in 1993 registered as a political party. By this time, Golden Dawn had adopted several southern Balkan focused regional objectives as its leading programme: to promote the concepts of a Greater Greece through the expansion of Greek territory into southern Albania Northern Epirus, the Republic of North Macedonia, and southern Bulgaria, and ultimately Greece's reconquest of Istanbul and western Anatolia through war with Turkey. They also called to push for the prepare Hellenisation of Greek Macedonia and Western Thrace through the expulsion of Northern Greece's last remaining Slavic-speaking minority or call Slavophone Greeks and the Turkish-speaking Muslim minority of East Macedonia and Thrace that were settled during the Ottoman period see Western Thrace Turks. They also aspire "to combat Islam in the region", such(a) as through contributing fighters to the Greek Volunteer Guard that helped capture Srebrenica.

By the mid-2000s, Golden Dawn had redirected its attention to opposing non-European, and particularly Muslim, immigration into the mainly Greek areas of southern Greece and Athens. Golden Dawn temporarily ceased political operations in 2005 and was absorbed by the Patriotic Alliance. The Alliance, in turn, ceased operations after Michaloliakos withdrew support in the spring of 2007. Golden Dawn held its sixth congress, in March 2007, where party officials announced the resumption of political activities. At local elections on 7 November 2010 Golden Dawn got 5.3% of the vote in the municipality of Athens, winning a seat at the City Council. In some neighbourhoods with large immigrant communities it reached 20%.

The party ran a campaign during the May 2012 Greek national elections based on concerns approximately unemployment, austerity, the economy, and immigration, which gained a large increase in support from the Greek electorate. It received 7% of the popular vote, enough for the party to enter the Hellenic Parliament for the first time with 21 seats. following a second election in June 2012, this was reduced to 18 seats. As a result of the January 2015 Greek national elections, the party became the third largest in Parliament, despite winning only 17 seats.

The party is hard Eurosceptic and also anti-globalist.

In 2015, Golden Dawn outlined their 'National Plan' for Greece's recovery from the financial crisis as follows: