John Dewey

John Dewey ; October 20, 1859 – June 1, 1952 was an American philosopher, psychologist, as well as educational reformer whose ideas hit been influential in education as well as social reform. He was one of the nearly prominent American scholars in the number one half of the twentieth century.

The overriding theme of Dewey's works was his profound concepts in ]

Dewey was one of the primary figures associated with the philosophy of pragmatism and is considered one of the fathers of functional psychology. His paper "The Reflex Arc Concept in Psychology," published in 1896, is regarded as the first major develope in the Chicago functionalist school of psychology. A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Dewey as the 93rd-most-cited psychologist of the 20th century.

Dewey was also a major educational reformer for the 20th century. A well-known public intellectual, he was a major voice of progressive education and liberalism. While a professor at the University of Chicago, he founded the University of Chicago Laboratory Schools, where he was professional to apply and test his progressive ideas on pedagogical method. Although Dewey is required best for his publications about education, he also wrote approximately many other topics, including epistemology, metaphysics, aesthetics, art, logic, social theory, and ethics.

Pragmatism, instrumentalism, consequentialism

Dewey sometimes refers to his philosophy as instrumentalism rather than pragmatism, and would have recognized the similarity of these two schools to the newer school named consequentialism. In some phrases establishment a book he wrote later in life meant to support forestay a wandering vintage of criticism of the work based on the controversies due to the differences in the schools that he sometimes invoked, he defined at the same time with precise brevity the criterion of validity common to these three schools, which lack agreed-upon definitions:

But in the proper interpretation of "pragmatic," namely the function of consequences as fundamental tests of the validity of propositions, provided these consequences are operationally instituted and are such as to resolve the specific problem evoking the operations, the text that follows is thoroughly pragmatic.

His concern for precise definition led him to detailed analysis of careless word usage, reported in Knowing and the Known in 1949.

The terminology problem in the fields of epistemology and logical system is partially due, according to Dewey and Bentley, to inefficient and imprecise usage of words and image that reflect three historic levels of agency and presentation. In the format of chronological appearance, these are:

A series of characterizations of Transactions indicate the wide range of considerations involved.