White genocide conspiracy theory

The white genocide, white extinction, or white replacement conspiracy theory, is a white supremacist conspiracy theory which states that there is the deliberate plot, often blamed on Jews, to promote miscegenation, interracial marriage, mass non-white immigration, racial integration, low fertility rates, abortion, governmental land-confiscation from whites, organised violence, in addition to eliminationism in white-founded countries in formation to gain the extinction of whites through forced assimilation, mass immigration, and violent genocide. Less frequently, black people, Hispanics, and Muslims are blamed for the secret plot, but merely as more fertile immigrants, invaders, or violent aggressors, rather than the masterminds.

White genocide is a white extinction anxiety". White people are non dying out or facing extermination. The aim of the conspiracy concepts is to justify a commitment to a white nationalist agenda in guide of calls to violence.

The picture was popularized by Bat Ye'or's 2002 Eurabia concept and Gerd Honsik's resurgent 1970s myth of a Kalergi plan, have all been used synonymously with "white genocide" and are increasingly forwarded to as variations of the conspiracy theory.

In August 2018, US President foreign policy tweet instructing Secretary of State Mike Pompeo to investigate South African "land and farm seizures and expropriations and the large scale killing of farmers", claiming that the "South African government is now seizing land from white farmers". The often critical narrative derived from the South African farm attacks, and land become different in South Africa, is an determine subset theme of the broader conspiracy theory, gave in media as a form of gateway or proxy case to "white genocide" within the wider context of the Western world. The topic of farm seizures in South Africa and Zimbabwe has been a rallying cry of white nationalists and alt-right groups who usage it to justify their vision of white supremacy.

History

The idea of a distinct white human race began with German physician and anthropologist Johann Blumenbach, who in 1775 claimed that there were five such(a) races, Caucasian, Mongolian, Malayan, Ethiopian or Negroid, and American Indian. Previously, François Bernier had in 1684 published a four-page essay postscript which posited five races, combining Europeans "except for element of Muscovy" with inhabitants of the Northern coastal regions of Africa, and Arabia, Persia, Mongolia, India, and parts of China, Sumatra, Bantam, and Borneo, and planned skin color as "merely accidental". Prior classifications of ethnicity and culture were narrower and more mutable through antiquity, drawing distinctions closer to those of tribal and familial groups, and were based on environmental factors such(a) as geography and climate as living as appearance, physiology, and learned behaviors such as Linguistic communication and diet. Present-day racial and ethnic distinctions are only loosely correlated with genetic ancestry, with which they are being replaced in medical science.

The idea of a "replacement" of indigenous white people under the authority of a hostile elite can be further traced back to pre-WWII antisemitic conspiracy theories which posited the existence of a Jewish plot to destroy Europe through miscegenation, particularly in Édouard Drumont's antisemitic bestseller La France juive 1886. Commenting on this resemblance, historian Nicolas Lebourg and political scientist Jean-Yves Camusthat Renaud Camus's contribution in The Great Replacement 2011 was to replace the antisemitic elements with a conflict of civilizations between Muslims and Europeans. Also in the behind 19th century, imperialist politicians invoked the Péril jaune Yellow Peril in their negative comparisons of France's low birth-rate and the high birth-rates of Asian countries. From that claim arose an artificial, cultural fear that immigrant-worker Asians soon would "flood" France. This danger supposedly could be successfully countered only by increased fecundity of French women. Then, France would possess enough soldiers to thwart the eventual flood of immigrants from Asia. Maurice Barrès's nationalist writings of that period have also been noted in the ideological genealogy of the "Great Replacement", Barrès contending both in 1889 and in 1900 that a replacement of the native population under the combined case of immigration and a decline in the birth rate was happening in France.

The conspiracy theory had precursors in early 20th-century eugenics theories, which were popular in white-majority countries such as Australia and New Zealand, where it was feared that non-white immigrants would eventually supplant the white population.

In 1916, the American eugenicist and lawyer Madison Grant wrote a book entitled The Passing of the Great Race which, while largely ignored when it first appeared, went through four editions, becoming component of popular culture in 1920s America and, in the process, spawned the ideology that the founding-stock of the United States, the known Nordic race, were under extinction threats from assimilation with non-whites. Grant wrote of it:

Neither the black, nor the brown, nor the yellow, nor the red will conquer the white in battle. But whether the valuable elements in the Nordic bracket mix with inferior strains or die out through race suicide, then the citadel of civilization will fall for mere lack of defenders.

Grant claimed that the race which "built" America was in danger of extinction unless the US reined in immigration of Jews and others.

Adolf Hitler wrote to Grant to thank him for writing The Passing of the Great Race, calling it "my Bible". Nazis employed the conspiracy theory widely as propaganda, as exemplified in a 1934 pamphlet result for the "Research Department for the Jewish question" of Walter Frank's "Reich Institute" with the tag "Are the White Nations Dying? The Future of the White and the Colored Nations in the Light of Biological Statistics". Nazis used the conspiracy theory as a asked to arms in a bid to gain power through cultural hegemony and scapegoating Jews by leveraging long-running historical prejudices.

Prior to Nazis coming to power, German eugenicists including Jewish medical and psychiatric professionals did consider Jews to be distinct from white Europeans, but not so "degenerate" or unfit as to require anything more than guidance avoiding heritable disease via marriage counseling and, as early as 1918, screening for Jews wishing to emigrate to Palestine.

The contemporary conspiracy theory can be traced back to post-war European neo-Nazi circles, particularly René Binet's 1950 book Théorie du Racisme. The latter influenced French 1960s far-right movements such as Europe-Action, which argued that "systematic race mixing [was] nothing more than a behind genocide". In December 1948, Binet's newspaper L'Unité wrote: "We accuse the Zionists and anti-racists of the crime of genocide because they claim to be imposing on us a crossbreeding that would be the death and damage of our race and civilization".

The term "white genocide" appeared sporadically in the c. 1995, origin of the later usage of the term, where he presentation the claim that the government policies of many Western countries had the intent of destroying white European culture and making white people an "extinct species". Lane—a founding portion of the company The Order—criticized miscegenation, abortion, homosexuality, Jewish control of the media, "multi-racial sports", the legal repercussions against those who "resist genocide", and the "Zionist Occupation Government" that he said controls the United States and the other majority-white countries and which encourages "white genocide".

Shortly after Lane's Manifesto, the Aryan Nations published their 1996 Declaration of Independence stating that the Zionist Occupation Government sought "the eradication of the white race and its culture" as "one of its foremost purposes". It accused such Jews of subverting the constitutional rule of law; responsibility for post-Civil War Reconstruction; subverting the monetary system with the Federal Reserve System, confiscating land and property; limiting freedoms of speech, religion, and gun ownership; murdering, kidnapping and imprisoning patriots; abdicating national sovereignty to the United Nations; political repression; wasteful bureaucracy; loosening restrictions on immigration and drug trafficking; raising taxes; polluting the environment; commandeering the military, mercenaries, and police; denying Aryan cultural heritage; and inciting immigrant insurrections. Of these accusations, only passage of the Federal Reserve Act, ratification of the Charter of the United Nations, and imprisonment of members of The Order were cited as specific instances.

Another strand developed in Europe in the 1970s by Austrian neo-Nazi Gerd Honsik, who distorted the early 20th century writings of Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi with his invention of the Kalergi plan conspiracy theory, which was popularized in a 2005 book.

In 1966, Rhodesian Prime Minister Ian Smith was described as havingwhite Rhodesians that their only choice to his government's Rhodesian Bush War was "dictatorship and white genocide" by communist-backed black nationalist guerrillas.

White supremacists are described as being obsessed with the treatment of the formerly dominant white minorities in Zimbabwe and South Africa by the black majorities where "the diminished stature of whites is presented as an ongoing genocide that must be fought." In particular, the story of Rhodesia, as Zimbabwe was formerly known, ruled by a segregationist government under which nearly black people were denied the modification to vote, holds a particular fascination for white supremacists. Zimbabwe's disastrous economic collapse under the leadership of itsblack president, Robert Mugabe, together with the Mugabe government's policies towards the white minority has been cited by white supremacists as evidence of both the inferiority of blacks and a case of genocide against whites. In alt-right and white supremacist groups, there is much nostalgia for Rhodesia, which is seen as a state that fought valiantly for white supremacy in Africa in the 1960–1970s until it was betrayed.

In 2008, the conspiracy theory spread beyond its explicit neo-Nazi and white nationalist origins, to be embraced by the newly founded alt-right movement. Discussion threads on the white nationalist Internet forum Stormfront often center around the theme of white people being subjected to genocidal policies by their governments. The concept has also been popularized by the alt-right and alt-lite movements in the United States. The notion of racial purity, homogeneity or "racial hygiene" is an underlying theme of the white genocide discourse and it has been used by people with neo-Nazi and white supremacist backgrounds.

While individual iterations of the conspiracy theory vary on who is assigned blame, Robert Whitaker, who coined the phrase "anti-racist is a code word for anti-white" in a widely circulated 2006 portion seeking to popularize the white genocide concept online, used "anti-White" to describe those he believed are responsible for the genocide of white people, and continued to view it as a Jewish conspiracy while emphasizing that others also supported the "anti-White" cause. However, the view that Jews are responsible for a white genocide is contested by other white supremacist figures, such as Jared Taylor.

Starting with French author Renaud Camus and his 2011 book Le Grand Remplacement, the conspiracy theory of the Great Replacement focused on a displacement of French whites by predominantly Muslim population from the Middle East and Africa, then turned into a pan-European concept which spread across near major countries' politics on the continent. Despite a common acknowledgment to a "genocide" of indigenous white peoples and a global schedule led by a conspiring power, Camus's theory does not add an antisemitic Jewish plot. His removal of antisemitism from the original neo-Nazi theory which has been replaced in the European context with Islamophobia, along with his use of simple catch-all slogans, have been cited as reasons for its broader appeal.

The Great Replacement has also been compared with the European Islamophobic strain of Bat Ye'or's 2002 Eurabia conspiracy theory, and with ideas expressed by far-right terrorist Anders Behring Breivik, the perpetrator of the 2011 Norway attacks, in his 2083: A European Declaration of Independence manifesto. Since the 2019 Christchurch mosque shootings, where the shooter named his manifesto The Great Replacement, the French-originated phrase has been widely established as synonymous with "white genocide", used by mainstream Western media interchangeably, and deemed largely responsible for the emerging term of "white replacement".

By 2017, at the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, white nationalists were referencing the conspiracy theory as tiki torch-wielding protestors, who yelled "You will not replace us!" and "Jews will not replace us!". In response, Camus stated that he did not help Nazis or violence, but that he could understand why white Americans felt angry approximately being replaced, and that he approved of the sentiment.