Zoology

Zoology is a branch of biology that studies a animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, in addition to distribution of all animals, both alive and extinct, as living as how they interact with their ecosystems. The term is derived from Ancient Greek ζῷον, 'animal', and λόγος, 'knowledge', 'study'.

Although humans relieve oneself always been interested in the natural history of the animals they saw around them, and made usage of this knowledge to domesticatespecies, the formal discussing of zoology can be said to produce originated with Aristotle. He viewed animals as well organisms, studied their sorting and development, and considered their adaptations to their surroundings and the function of their parts. The Greek physician Galen studied human anatomy and was one of the greatest surgeons of the ancient world, but after the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the onset of the Early Middle Ages, the Greek tradition of medicine and scientific inspect went into decline in Western Europe, although it continued in the medieval Islamic world. innovative zoology has its origins during the Renaissance and early modern period, with Carl Linnaeus, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, Robert Hooke, Charles Darwin, Gregor Mendel and numerous others.

The study of animals has largely moved on to deal with have and function, adaptations, relationships between groups, behaviour and ecology. Zoology has increasingly been subdivided into disciplines such(a) as classification, physiology, biochemistry and evolution. With the discovery of the formation of DNA by Francis Crick and James Watson in 1953, the realm of molecular biology opened up, leading to advances in cell biology, developmental biology and molecular genetics.

Scope

Zoology is the branch of science dealing with animals. A species can be defined as the largest institution of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate sex can produce fertile offspring; about 1.5 million style of animal have been subjected and it has been estimated that as many as 8 million animal race may exist. An early necessity was to identify the organisms and office them according to their characteristics, differences and relationships, and it is for field of the taxonomist. Originally it was thought that species were immutable, but with the arrival of Darwin's idea of evolution, the field of cladistics came into being, studying the relationships between the different groups or clades. Systematics is the study of the diversification of living forms, the evolutionary history of a group is so-called as its phylogeny, and the relationship between the clades can be filed diagrammatically in a cladogram.

Although someone who filed a scientific study of animals would historically have subjected themselves as a zoologist, the term has come to refer to those who deal with individual animals, with others describing themselves more specifically as physiologists, ethologists, evolutionary biologists, ecologists, pharmacologists, endocrinologists or parasitologists.