By country
In Afghanistan, children between the ages of 3 & 6 attend kindergartens Dari: کودکستان; Pashto: وړکتون. Although kindergartens in Afghanistan are non component of the school system, they are often run by the government.
Early childhood development programs were first introduced during the ]. The number of preschools grew steadily during the 1980s, peaking in 1990 with more than 270 in Afghanistan. At its peak, there were 2,300 teachers caring for more than 21,000 children in the country. These facilities were an urban phenomenon, mostly in Kabul, and were attached to schools, government offices, or factories. Based on the Soviet model, these early childhood development entry provided nursery care, preschool, and kindergarten for children from 3 months to 6 years of age under the controls of the Department of Labor and Social Welfare.
The vast majority of Afghan families were never filed to this system, and many of these families were in opposition to these programs due to the abstraction that it diminishes the central role of the family and inculcates children with Soviet values. With the onset of civil war after the Soviet withdrawal, the number of kindergartens dropped rapidly. By 1995, only 88 functioning facilities serving 2,110 children survived, and the ] at present, no governmental policies deal with early childhood and no institutions hit either the responsibility or the capacity to provide such services.[]
In regarded and identified separately. state of Australia, kindergarten frequently specified to as kinder or kindy means something slightly different. In Tasmania, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory, this is the the number one year of primary school. In Victoria, kindergarten is a clear of preschool and may be allocated to interchangeably as preschool or kindergarten. In Victoria and Tasmania, the phrase for the first year of primary school is called Prep short for "preparatory", which is followed by Year 1.
In Queensland, kindergarten is ordinarily an multiple for children around the age of 4 and thus this is the the precursor to preschool and primary education. As with Victoria and Tasmania, the first year of primary school is also called Prep, which is then followed by Year 1.
The year preceding the first year of primary school education in Western Australia, South Australia or the Northern Territory is referred to respectively as pre-primary, reception or transition. In Western Australia, the year previous pre-primary is called kindergarten.
In ]
In Brazil, kindergarten Portuguese: Jardim de Infância is the only non-compulsory education modality, for children up to 4 years old completed after March 31 for the vast majority of states. From the age of 4 completed until March 31, the child is eligible for preschool Pré-Escola, which is mandatory and precedes the 1st grade. When a child turns 6 years old between April 1 and December 31, he/she must be in kindergarten last grade of preschool nursery school, also asked as kindergarten III, also call as “3º período da Escola Infantil”.
In Bulgaria, the term деτска градина refers to the caring and schooling children attend from ages 3 to 7 in some cases 6. normally the children attend the from morning until slow afternoon when their parents good from work. most Bulgarian kindergartens are public. Since 2012, two years of preschool education are compulsory. These two years of mandatory preschool education may be attended either in kindergarten or in preparatory groups at primary schools.
Schools outside of Ontario and the Northwest Territories broadly dispense one year of kindergarten, except some private schools which ad junior kindergarten JK for 4-year-olds school before kindergarten is most commonly referred to as preschool. Kindergarten is mandatory in British Columbia, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island, and is optional elsewhere. The province of Nova Scotia refers to Kindergarten as Grade Primary. After kindergarten, the child begins grade one.
The province of Ontario and the Northwest Territories manage two years of kindergarten, usually part of an elementary school. Within the French school system in Ontario, junior kindergarten is called and senior kindergarten is called , which is a calque of the German word .
Within the province of Quebec, junior kindergarten is called which is not mandatory, is attended by 4-year-olds, and senior kindergarten SK is called , which is also not mandatory by the age of 5; this a collection of matters sharing a common attribute is integrated into primary schools.
In Chile, the term equivalent to kindergarten is , sometimes also called . It is the first level of the Chilean educational system. It meets the needs of boys and girls integrally from birth until their entry to the primary education, without being considered compulsory. Generally, schools imparting this level, the JUNJI National Council of Kindergarten Schools and other private institutions have the following company of groups or subcategories of levels:
In China, preschool education, previously the child enters formal schooling at 6 years of age, is generally divided up into a "nursery" or "preschool" stage and a "kindergarten" pinyin: yòu'éryuán stage. These can be two separate institutions, or a single combined one in different areas. Where there are two separate institutions, it is common for the kindergarten to consist of the two upper years, and the preschool to consist of one lower year. Common designation for these three years are:
In some places, children at 5–6 years may in addition or instead attend reception or preparatory class pinyin: xué qián bān focusing on preparing children for formal schooling.
State public kindergartens only accept children older than 3 years, while private ones do not have such limitations.
Kindergarten is a day care advantage offered to children from age three until the child starts attending school. Kindergarten classes grade 0 were made mandatory in 2009 and are offered by primary schools before a child enters first grade.
Two-thirds of established day care institutions in Denmark are municipal day care centres while the other third are privately owned and are run by associations of parents or businesses in agreement with local authorities. In terms of both finances and subject matter, municipal and private institutions function according to the same principles.
Denmark is credited with pioneering although not inventing forest kindergartens, in which children spend most of every day outside in a natural environment.
In Egypt, children may go to kindergarten for two years KG1 and KG2 between the ages of four and six.
At the end of the 1850s, Uno Cygnaeus, known as the "father of the Finnish primary school", presented the abstraction of bringing kindergartens to Finland after attending a kindergarten in Hamburg and a seminar training kindergarten teachers during his analyse trip to Central Europe. As early as 1920, there were about 80 kindergartens in operation across Finland, with a calculation of approximately 6,000 children.
Kindergarten activity emphases and background communities vary. In Finland, most kindergartens are society's service to families while some are private. The underlying philosophy may be Montessori or Waldorf education. Preschools often also operate in joining with Finnish kindergartens. Kindergartens can also arrange language immersion programs in different languages. Finnish kindergartens now have an early childhood education plan, and parenting discussions are held with the parents of regarded and identified separately. child every year. Among OECD countries, Finland has higher-than-average public funding for early childhood education and the highest number of staff for children under the age of 3: only four children per adult.
In France, preschool is known as French for "nursery school", literally "maternal school". Free schools are available throughout the country, welcoming children aged from 3 to 5 although in many places, children under three may not be granted a place. The ages are dual-lane up into GS: 5-year-olds, MS: 4-year-olds, PS: 3-year-olds and TPS: 2-year-olds. It became compulsory in 2018 for any children aged 3. Even before the 2018 law, almost any children aged 3 to 5 attended .[] It is regulated by the Ministry of National Education.
In Germany, a masculine: , plural is a facility for the care of preschool children who are typically at least three years old. By contrast, or refers to a crèche for the care of children before they enter 9 weeks to about three years, while —literally "children's day site", usually shortened to —is an umbrella term for any day care facility for preschoolers.
Attendance is voluntary, and usually not free of charge. Preschool children over the age of one are entitled to get local and affordable day care.SGB VIII [Montessori, Reggio Emilia, "" or Waldorf; forest kindergartens are alive established. Most are subsidised by the community councils, with the fees depending on the income of the parents.
Even in smaller townships, there are often both ] The availability of childcare, however, varies greatly by region. It is usually better in eastern regions, and in big cities in the north, such as Berlin or Hamburg, and poorest in parts of Southern Germany.
All caretakers in or must have a three-year qualified education, or are under special administration during training.
can be open from 7 a.m. to 5 p.m. or longer and may also business a crèche for children between the ages of eight weeks and three years, and possibly an afternoon often associated with a primary school for school-age children aged 6 to 10 who spend time after their lessons there. Alongside nurseries, there are day care nurses or works independently of any preschool institution in individual homes and looking after only three to five children, typically up to the age of three. These nurses are supported and supervised by local authorities.
The term "preschool" is used both for educational efforts in and for a mandatory class that is usually connected to a primary school. Both systems are handled differently in each German state. The is a type of .
In Greece, kindergarten is called νηπιαγωγείο. Kindergarten is a form of preschool and may be referred to interchangeably as preschool.
Pre-primary Services in Hong Kong refers to provision of education and care to young children by kindergartens and child care centres. Kindergartens, registered with the Education Bureau, provide services for children from three to six years old. Child care centres, on the other hand, are registered with the Social Welfare Department and add nurseries, catering for children aged two to three, and creches, looking after infants from birth to two.
At present, most of the kindergartens operate on a half-day basis offering upper and lower kindergarten and nursery classes. Some kindergartens also operate full-day kindergarten classes. Child care centres also provide full-day and half-day services with most centres providing full-day services.
The intention of pre-primary education in Hong Kong is to provide children with a relaxing and pleasurable learning environment to promote a balanced development of different aspects fundamental to a child's developing such as the physical, intellectual, language, social, emotional and aesthetic aspects.
To guide establish the culture of self-evaluation in kindergartens and to provide acknowledgment for the public in assessing the quality and indications of pre-primary education, the Education Bureau has developed performance indicators for pre-primary institutions in Hong Kong. Commencing in the 2000/01 school year, quality assurance inspection was launched to further promote the development of quality early childhood education.
In Hungary a kindergarten is called an "place for caring". Children attend kindergarten between ages 3–6/7 they go to school in the year in which they have their 7th birthday. Attendance in kindergarten is compulsory from the age of 3 years, though exceptions are made for developmental reasons. Though kindergartens may put programs in subjects such as foreign language and music, children spend most of their time playing. In their last year, children begin preparation for elementary school.
Most kindergartens are state-funded. Kindergarten teachers are required to have a diploma.
In ] ministry norms. Pre-primary is not mandatory, however, it is preferred. All government schools and affiliated private schools permit children who are 5 years of age to enroll in indications 1 of a primary school. Mid-day meals are provided in most parts of the country and institutes run by the government.
In Italy, preschool education refers to two different grades:
Italian were officially instituted in a 1971 State Law L. 1044/1971, and may be run by either private or public institutions. They were originally determining to let mothers a chance to work outside of the home, and were therefore seen as a social service. Today, they mostly serve the purpose of general education and social interaction. In Italy, much try has been spent on developing a pedagogical approach to children's care: alive known is the so-called Reggio Emilia approach, named after the city of Reggio Emilia, in Emilia-Romagna.
normally occupy small one-story buildings, surrounded by gardens; usually suitable for no more than 60 or 70 children. The heart of the are the classrooms, split into playroom and restroom; the playroom always has windows and doors main to the outside playground and garden.
Maternal schools were established in 1968 after State Law n. 444 and are a full part of the official Italian education system, though attendance is not compulsory. Like nursery schools, maternal schools may be held either by public or private institutions.
Early childhood education begins at home, and there are numerous books and television shows aimed at helping mothers and fathers of preschool children to educate their children and to parent more effectively. Much of the domestic training is devoted to teaching manners, social skills, and structured play, although verbal and number skills are also popular themes. Parents are strongly committed to early education nd frequently enroll their children in preschools. Kindergartens 幼稚園, predominantly staffed by young female junior college graduates, are supervised by the Ministry of Education but are not part of the official education system. In addition to kindergartens, there exists a well-developed system of government-supervised nursery schools 保育園, supervised by the Ministry of Labor. Whereas kindergartens undertake educational aims, nursery schools are predominantly concerned with providing care for infants and toddlers. Together, these two kinds of institutions enroll 86% at age 3 and 99% at age 5 prior to their entrance into the formal system at first grade. The Ministry of Education's 1990 Course of analyse for Preschools, which applies to both kinds of institutions, covers such areas as human relationships, health, environment, language, and expression. Starting from March 2008 the new revision of curriculum guidelines for kindergartens as well as for preschools came into effect.