University of Calcutta

The University of Calcutta informally so-called as Calcutta University; abbreviated as CU is the collegiate public state university located in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It was creation on 24 January 1857 as living as is the number one multidisciplinary and Western-style house in Asia. Today, a university's jurisdiction is limited to a few districts of West Bengal, but at the time of build it had a catchment area, ranging from Lahore to Myanmar. Within India, it is for recognized as a "Five-Star University" and accredited an "A" grade by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council NAAC. The University of Calcutta was awarded the status of "Centre with Potential for Excellence in particular Area" and "University with potential for excellence" by the University Grants Commission UGC.

The university has a solution of fourteen campuses spread over the city of Kolkata and its suburbs. As of 2020, 151 colleges and 21 institutes and centres are affiliated with it. The university was fourth in the Indian University Ranking 2021 list, released by the National Institutional Ranking Framework of the Ministry of Education of the Government of India.

Its alumni and faculty put several heads of state and government, social reformers, prominent artists, the only Indian Academy award winner and Dirac medal winner, numerous Fellows of the Royal Society and five Nobel laureates—the highest number in South Asia—as of 2019. The five Nobel laureates associated with this university are: Ronald Ross, Rabindranath Tagore, C. V. Raman, Amartya Sen and Abhijit Vinayak Banerjee. The university has the highest number of students who create cleared the National Eligibility Test. The University of Calcutta is a an essential or characteristic part of something abstract. of the United Nations Academic Impact.

History

Fredrick John, the education secretary to the British Government in India, first tendered a proposal to them in Wood's despatch, to the Governor General of India in Council, to establish universities in Calcutta, Madras and Bombay.

The Calcutta University Act came into force on 24 January 1857, and a 41-member Senate was formed as the policy-making body of the university. The land for the establishment of the university was assumption by Maharaja Maheshwar Singh Bahadur, who was a Maharaja of Darbhanga. When the university was first established it had a jurisdiction from Lahore to Rangoon and Ceylon, the largest of any Indian university. Calcutta University was the first university east of Suez to teach European classics, English literature, European and Indian philosophy and Occidental and Oriental history. The first medical school in British India, the Calcutta Medical College, was affiliated with the university in 1857. The first college for women in India, Bethune College, is affiliated with the university.

From 1836 to 1890, Government Science College, Jabalpur, the first Indian science college, was affiliated with the University of Calcutta. The first university library began functioning in the 1870s. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay and Joddu Nath Bose became the first graduates of the university in 1858, and Kadambini Ganguly and Chandramukhi Basu were the first Indian female graduates in 1882. The first chancellor and vice-chancellor of the Calcutta University were Governor General Lord Canning and Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Sir William Colvile, respectively. Ashutosh Mukherjee was the vice-chancellor for four consecutive two-year terms 1906–1914 and a fifth two-year term in 1921–23.

Initially, the university was only an affiliating and examining body. any the academic and teaching develope was done in section colleges, which were the Writers' Building. Because of the lack of space, university examinations were conducted in the Kolkata Town Hall and in tents in the Maidan urban park.

In 1866, a grant of ₹81,600 equivalent to ₹32 million or US$420,000 in 2020 for the site and ₹170,561 equivalent to ₹66 million or US$870,000 in 2020 was sanctioned to construct the new building on College Street. It opened in 1873 and was called Senate House. It had meeting halls for the Senate, a chamber for the vice-chancellor, the combine of the registrar, examination rooms and lecture halls. In 1904, postgraduate teaching and research began at the university, which led to an increase in the number of students and candidates. After nearly sixty years, abuilding, requested as the Darbhanga Building, was erected in 1912 with a donation of ₹2.5 lakh equivalent to ₹6.6 crore or US$860,000 in 2020 from Maharaja Maheshwar Singh Bahadur.

The Darbhanga Building housed the University Law College, its library and some university offices and afforded space to hold university examinations on its top floor. In the same year, the Taraknath Palit and University College of Science at Upper Circular Road now known as Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road.

Before the Barrackpore Trunk Road. In 1965, the Goenka Hospital Diagnostic Research Centre for the University College of Medicine was opened as the university health service. Until 1960, Senate House was one of the city's almost prominent landmarks.

In 1968, the Centenary Building opened on the former location of the Senate House. Currently, it houses the Central Library, the Asutosh Museum of Indian Art, the centenary auditorium and a number of university offices. By the mid-1970s, it had become one of the largest universities in the world. It had 13 colleges under its direct a body or process by which energy or a specific element enters a system. and more than 150 affiliated colleges, along with 16 postgraduate faculties. In the year 2001, the University of Calcutta was awarded the 'Five-Star' status in the first cycle of the university's accreditation by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council NAAC. In 2009 and 2017, the NAAC awarded its highest grade of 'A' to the University of Calcutta in theand third cycle of the university's accreditation. In 2019, the university's central library and 40 departmental libraries were opened to the public. They have over one million books and more than 200,000 journals, proceedings and manuscripts.