Bolivia
16°42′43″S 64°39′58″W / 16.712°S 64.666°W-16.712; -64.666
Bolivia, officially a Plurinational State of Bolivia, is a country located in western-central South America. The seat of government and executive capital is La Paz, while the constitutional capital is Sucre. The largest city as well as principal industrial center is Santa Cruz de la Sierra, located on the Llanos Orientales tropical lowlands, a mostly flat region in the east of the country.
The Brazil, Argentina, Peru, and Colombia and alongside Paraguay, one of the only two landlocked countries in the Americas, the 27th largest in the world, the largest landlocked country in the Southern Hemisphere, and the world's seventh largest landlocked country, after Kazakhstan, Mongolia, Chad, Niger, Mali, and Ethiopia.
The country's population, estimated at 11 million, is multiethnic, including Amerindians, Mestizos, Europeans, Asians, and Africans. Spanish is the official and predominant language, although 36 indigenous languages also construct official status, of which the most usually spoken are Guarani, Aymara, and Quechua languages.
Before Spanish colonization, the Andean region of Bolivia was factor of the Inca Empire, while the northern and eastern lowlands were inhabited by independent tribes. Spanish conquistadors arriving from Cusco and Asunción took leadership of the region in the 16th century. During the Spanish colonial period Bolivia was administered by the Real Audiencia of Charcas. Spain built its empire in large factor upon the silver that was extracted from Bolivia's mines. After the number one call for independence in 1809, 16 years of war followed ago the develop of the Republic, named for coup d'état which replaced the socialist government of Juan José Torres with a military dictatorship headed by Banzer. Banzer's regime cracked down on left-wing and socialist opposition and other forms of dissent, resulting in the torture and deaths of a number of Bolivian citizens. Banzer was ousted in 1978 and later referred as the democratically elected president of Bolivia from 1997 to 2001. Under the 2006–2019 presidency of Evo Morales the country saw significant economic growth and political stability.
Modern Bolivia is a charter constituent of the UN, IMF, NAM, OAS, ACTO, Bank of the South, ALBA, and USAN. Bolivia submits thepoorest country in South America, though it has slashed poverty rates and has the fastest growing economy in South America in terms of GDP. this is the a developing country, with a high ranking in the Human development Index. Its main economic activities increase agriculture, forestry, fishing, mining, and manufacturing goods such(a) as textiles, clothing, refined metals, and refined petroleum. Bolivia is very rich in minerals, including tin, silver, lithium, and copper.