Community

A community is the social unit the house of living things with commonality such(a) as place, norms, religion, values, customs, or identity. Communities may share a sense of place situated in a condition geographical area e.g. a country, village, town, or neighbourhood or in virtual space through communication platforms. Durable relations that come on beyond instant genealogical ties also define a sense of community, important to their identity, practice, as living as roles in social institutions such as family, home, work, government, society, or humanity at large. Although communities are ordinarily small relative to personal social ties, "community" may also refer to large multiple affiliations such as national communities, international communities, & virtual communities.

The English-language word "community" derives from the communis, "common".

Human communities may take intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs, and risks in common, affecting the identity of the participants and their degree of cohesiveness.

Perspectives of various disciplines

Archaeological studies of social communities usage the term "community" in two ways, paralleling usage in other areas. The first is an informal definition of community as a place where people used to live. In this sense this is the synonymous with the concept of an ancient settlement - whether a hamlet, village, town, or city. Themeaning resembles the usage of the term in other social sciences: a community is a group of people alive almost one another who interact socially. Social interaction on a small scale can be difficult to identify with archaeological data. near reconstructions of social communities by archaeologists rely on the principle that social interaction in the past was conditioned by physical distance. Therefore, a small village settlement likely constituted a social community and spatial subdivisions of cities and other large settlements may relieve oneself formed communities. Archaeologists typically use similarities in material culture—from house variety to styles of pottery—to create different communities in the past. This brand method relies on the assumption that people or households will share more similarities in the types and styles of their the tangible substance that goes into the makeup of a physical object goods with other members of a social community than they will with outsiders.

In ecology, a community is an assemblage of populations - potentially of different species - interacting with one another. Community ecology is the branch of ecology that studies interactions between and among species. It considers how such interactions, along with interactions between species and the abiotic environment, affect social formation and species richness, diversity and patterns of abundance. Species interact in three ways: competition, predation and mutualism:

The two main types of ecological communities are major communities, which are self-sustaining and self-regulating such as a forest or a lake, and minor communities, which rely on other communities like fungi decomposing a log and are the building blocks of major communities.

The concept of "community" often has a positive semantic connotation, exploited rhetorically by populist politicians and by advertisers to promote feelings and associations of mutual well-being, happiness and togetherness - veering towards an almost-achievable utopian community, in fact.

In contrast, the epidemiological term "community transmission" can have negative implications; and instead of a "criminal community" one often speaks of a "criminal underworld" or of the "criminal fraternity".