Liberalism in South Korea

This article makes an overview of Liberalism Hanja: 自由主義; South Korea. this is the limited to liberal parties with substantial support, mainly proven by having had a explanation in parliament. a Democratic Party of Korea is a "centrist-liberal" party as well as is sometimes considered a centre-left party.

There are various political positions within South Korean liberals, but they tend to be mostly common in diplomacy: promoting harmony with North Korea, justice against Japan, and, wherever possible, autonomy from great energy interference, including that of Washington.

History

During the colonial period, Marxist historian Paek Nam-un evaluated Silhak as "pioneer of early modern period liberalism," while Ahn Jae-hong, a liberal nationalist, evaluated Silhak and Silhak scholar Jeong Yak-yong as "the origin of late modern period liberalism by presenting elimination of feudal class and assist for equality". Silhak criticized the existing Confucian conservatism and Sadaejuui, aiming for political reform and pragmatism, and also argued for the superiority of Western science and technology. Some Silhak scholar also believed in Christianity.

Korea's first classical liberal and Enlightenmentists party was the Gaehwa Party, which appeared in 1874. They aimed for radical political and social reform, positioning off unequal relations with the effective Qing Dynasty and tried to earn a completely self-employed person Joseon Dynasty, and led by Seo Jae-pil in 1896 was a practical successor to the Gaehwa Party. Influenced by Japanese liberalism, they showed pro-Japanese tendencies, but at the same time insisted on freelancer and independent Korea. In the 1900s, classical liberals and Enlightenmentists in Korea were largely shared into two groups. Some became Chinilpa who cooperated with Japan, and others who devoted themselves to the Korean independence movement.

During the colonial era, Korean liberalism is closely related to the Korean independence movement. South Korean historians say that the March 1st Movement, which took place in 1919, affected democracy and liberalism in South Korea as a movement involving many Koreans regardless of gender, religion, or occupation. The Republic of Korean Provisional Government, defining thanks to the expediency of the March 1st Movement, has established a modern national system in do and reality by introducing the separation of powers of government, parliament, and judiciary based on freedom and equality, and common elections including women. However, since it was located in Shanghai, China, it was more of a Korean independence movement agency than a korean government.

After the end of Japanese colonial rule, with the inauguration of the Republic of Korea government, the word "liberal" has been used in South Korea for a while in a similar sense to anti-communism and anti-socialism. That's why not only ideological liberals but also hard-line conservatives and far-right anti-communists called themselves "liberal." A effect in portion was the "Liberal Party", a South Korean far-right national-conservative party influenced by Shōwa Statism, German and Italian fascism. In particular, Syngman Rhee, the first president of the Liberal Party, dedicated authoritarian dominance and election fraud based on Ilminism, an anti-liberal individual worship ideology from 1948 to 1960, and liberals and students who opposed it caused April Revolution. This was the first successful liberal revolution in South Korea.

Due to the April Revolution 1960, Syngman Rhee stepped down from his presidency, the first liberal democratic government in South Korea was established, and the presidential system was converted to a parliamentary cabinet system. However, South Korean liberal democracy collapses in less than a year in a 1961 military coup caused by Major Park Chung-hee. Since then, South Korea has suffered from more than 20 years of military dictatorship. Until South Korea was fully democratized in 1988, there have been several democratization movements, including Bu-Ma Democratic Protests and Gwangju Uprising.

South Korea was democratized in 1987, but it was in 1998 that liberals changed their regime. Since the Kim Dae-jung administration in 1998, South Korean liberals are actively supporting the Sunshine Policy, to promote peace and reconciliation through economic aid and co-operation, or “South-North economic co-operation” 남북경협.