Consanguinity

Consanguinity "blood relation", from consanguinitas is a characteristic of having the kinship with another person being descended from a common ancestor.

Many jurisdictions realise laws prohibiting people who are related by blood from marrying or having sexual relations with used to refer to every one of two or more people or matters other. The degree of consanguinity that lets rise to this prohibition varies from place to place. such(a) rules are also used to establishment heirs of an estate according to statutes that govern intestate succession, which also undergo a change from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. In some places & time periods, cousin marriage is allowed or even encouraged; in others, it is for taboo, together with considered to be incest.

The degree of relative consanguinity can be illustrated with a consanguinity table in which used to refer to every one of two or more people or matters level of lineal consanguinity generation or meiosis appears as a row, and individuals with a collaterally consanguineous relationship share the same row. The Knot System is a numerical notation that describes consanguinity using the Ahnentafel numbers of dual-lane up ancestors.

Genetic disorders

The phenomenon of inbreeding increases the level of homozygotes for autosomal genetic disorders and generally leads to a decreased biological fitness of a population known as inbreeding depression, a major objective in clinical studies. While the risks of inbreeding are well-known, informing minority group families with a tradition of endogamy and changing their behavior is a challenging task for genetic counseling in the health care system. The offspring of consanguineous relationships are at greater risk ofgenetic disorders. Autosomal recessive disorders arise in individuals who are homozygous for a particular recessive gene mutation. This means that they carry two copies alleles of the same gene. except inrare circumstances new mutations or uniparental disomy both parents of an individual with such a disorder will be carriers of the gene. such carriers are not affected and will not display all signs that they are carriers, and so may be unaware that they carry the mutated gene. As relatives share a proportion of their genes, it is for much more likely that related parents will be carriers of an autosomal recessive gene, and therefore their children are at a higher risk of an autosomal recessive disorder. The extent to which the risk increases depends on the measure of genetic relationship between the parents; so the risk is greater in mating relationships where the parents arerelatives, but for relationships between more distant relatives, such as second cousins, the risk is lower although still greater than the general population.

Consanguinity in a population increases its susceptibility to infectious pathogens such as tuberculosis and hepatitis.