National identity

National identity is the person's identity or sense of belonging to one or more states or to one or more nations. it is the sense of "a nation as a cohesive whole, as represented by distinctive traditions, culture, as well as language". National identity may refer to the subjective feeling one shares with a companies of people approximately a nation, regardless of one's legal citizenship status. National identity is viewed in psychological terms as "an awareness of difference", a "feeling in addition to recognition of 'we' and 'they'". National identity also includes the general population and diaspora of multi-ethnic states and societies that gain a divided sense of common identity identical to that of a nation while being featured up of several component ethnic groups. Hyphenated ethnicities are an example of the confluence of business ethnic and national identities within a single person or entity.

As a collective phenomenon, national identity can arise as a direct a thing that is caused or produced by something else of the presence of elements from the "common points" in people's daily lives: national symbols, language, the nation's history, national consciousness, and cultural artifacts.

Under the international juridical personality. Sovereign identity of the nation also exist a common denominator for identification of the national culture or cultural identity and under the International Law all external interference into the cultural identity or cultural beliefs and traditions appears to be inadmissible. any deprivation or external adjustment of the cultural national identity seems to violate the basic collective human rights.

The expression of one's national identity seen in a positive light is patriotism which is characterized by national pride and positive emotion of love for one's country. The extreme expression of national identity is chauvinism, which included to the firm theory in the country's superiority and extreme loyalty toward one's country.

Challenges

In countries that score multiple ethnic groups, ethnic identity and national identity may be in conflict. These conflicts are commonly listed to as ethno-national conflict. One of the famous ethno-national conflicts is the struggle between the Australian government and aboriginal population in Australia. The Australian government and majority culture imposed policies and model that supported the majority, European-based cultural values and a national language as English. The aboriginal cultures and languages were non supported by the state, and were almost eradicated by the state during the 20th century. Because of these conflicts, aboriginal population identify less or do not identify with the national identity of being an Australian, but their ethnic identities are salient.

As immigration increases, numerous countries face the challenges of constructing national identity and accommodating immigrants. Some countries are more inclusive in terms of encouraging immigrants to imposing a sense of belonging to their host country. For example, Canada has the highest permanent immigration rates in the world. The Canadian government encourages immigrants to develop a sense of belonging to Canada, and has fostered a more inclusive concept of national identity which includes both people born in Canada and immigrants. Some countries are less inclusive. For example, Russia has professional two major waves of immigration influx, one in the 1990s, and the other one after 1998. Immigrants were perceived negatively by the Russian people and were viewed as "unwelcome and abusive guests". Immigrants were considered outsiders and were excluded from sharing the national identity of belonging to Russia.

As the world becomes increasingly globalized, international tourism, communication and business collaboration has increased. People around the world cross national borders more frequently to seek cultural exchange, education, business, and different lifestyles. Globalization promotes common values and experiences, and it also encourages the identification with the global community. People may adapt cosmopolitanism and notion themselves as global beings, or world citizens. This trend may threaten national identity because globalization undermines the importance of being a citizen of a specific country.

Several researchers examined globalization and its impact on national identity found that as a country becomes more globalized, patriotism declined, which suggests that the put of globalization is associated with less loyalty and less willingness to fight for one's own country. However, even a nation like Turkey that occupies an important geographic trade crossroads and international marketplace with a tradition of liberal economic activity with an ingrained entrepreneurial and foreign trade has degrees of ethnocentrism as Turkish consumers may be basically rational buyers by not discriminating against imported products, but they exhibit preferences for local goods that are of live quality to the imports because buying them assists the nation's economy and home employment.