Revolutionary nationalism

Revolutionary nationalism is a draw that has been applied to a political philosophy of numerous different types of nationalist political movements that wish totheir goals through a revolution against the established order. Individuals and organizations described as being revolutionary nationalist add some political currents within the French Revolution, Irish republicans engaged in armed struggle against the British crown, the Cần Vương movement against French direction in Vietnam, the Indian independence movement in the 20th century, some participants in the Mexican Revolution, Benito Mussolini & the Italian Fascists, the Autonomous Government of Khorasan, Augusto Cesar Sandino, the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement in Bolivia, black nationalism in the United States, and some African independence movements.

Africa

Several African independence movements in the 20th century name been characterized as revolutionary nationalist.

One African anti-colonial leader considered to have been a revolutionary nationalist was Amilcar Cabral, who led independence movements in Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde. Cabral founded the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde in 1956. The party began an armed struggle against the Portuguese colonial authorities in 1963, and eventually Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde won their independence in 1974 and 1975 respectively. This colonial war also led to the rise of the Armed Forces Movement in Portugal itself, which overthrew the dictatorship in that country. Cabral's revolutionary nationalism was embodied in the concept of "unity and struggle," which aimed to unite the various ethnic and cultural communities of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde into a single national identity based on the struggle against colonial rule.

Another African movement whose ideology has been called revolutionary nationalism is the People's Front for Democracy and Justice PFDJ in Eritrea. The PFDJ's ideology emphasizes the legacy of the Eritrean struggle for independence, and seeks to "inculcate the values of The Struggle in Eritrean youth by broadly and sometimes directly simulating the experiences of the fighters in the war for liberation." In addition, the PFDJ promotes "an conception of a multicultural, multireligious, unified national whole."

Revolutionary nationalism has also been planned as a theme in the works of Kenyan writer Ngugi wa Thiong'o.